The Effective and Regulatory Mechanism of the Labour Market

The current paper aims to research the functioning mechanism of labour market, departing from the idea that labour market represents a constitutive part of the market system, the market system stands as a subsystem of economy and the economy itself a subsystem of the society. First of all, the labour market mechanism results from the essential interdependencies between the structural components of such market, between the labour market and the other markets, between the market system and the economic one, as well as between the economic and social system. Secondly, the labour market mechanism arise from its functional relations with the operational, executive, legislative, institutional and organizational structures of the social system from which it belongs, and which functional relations manifest as public preferences towards the functioning of the labour market. Therefore the regulatory mechanism of the labour market functions in two main steps, each of them comprising means and instruments for the implementation of the regulatory process: the spontaneous mechanism (based on objective necessity) and the intervention mechanism on the labour market, making use of various external economic means.social system, economic system, market system, labour market, labour market mechanism.

Une anthropologie de la bioéthique : Contexte local et expérience vécue de l’avortement versus discours bioéthique en Moldavie (Note de recherche)

Les savoirs bioéthiciens, bien qu’ils se veuillent pour la plupart indépendants, objectifs et universels, subissent l’influence de la culture où ils émergent. C’est en cette qualité que l’étude anthropologique de la bioéthique se révèle possible et, à mes propres yeux, pertinente. Dans cet article, je traite de la bioéthique moldave à travers le dilemme moral de l’avortement. Je rapporte quelques informations sur la pratique de l’avortement, en décortiquant la culture soviétique de l’avortement et dévoilant l’impact qu’a la pensée religieuse après l’indépendance de la République moldave. Je rapporte aussi les jugements et justifications en matière d’avortement : il est question de maternité, de sexualité, de libre choix et de cumsecade. La mise en contexte permet de conclure que la bioéthique moldave est pour sa part décontextualisée et que, pour évoluer, elle aurait avantage à intégrer des savoirs anthropologiques.The bioethics’ positions, although considered as independent, objective and universal, are actually influenced by the culture from which they emerge. In that way the study of bioethics from an anthropological point of view is possible and, moreover, becomes relevant to the object of study itself. In this article, I offer a glance at Moldovan bioethics through the moral dilemma of abortion. After presenting some data about the practice of abortion, I dissect the former Soviet culture of abortion and reveal the impact of religious thought since the independence of the Republic of Moldova. I also report judgments and justifications about abortion : it is a matter of maternity, of sexuality, of freedom of choice and of cumsecade. My long work of contextualisation of the abortion dilemma in Moldova brings me to the conclusion that Moldovan bioethics is decontextualized from its social and cultural background. Therefore, it would benefit from a greater integration of anthropological knowledge on the matter.Los saberes bioéticos, aunque en su mayoría pretenden ser independientes, objetivos y universales, sufren la influencia de la cultura de donde surgen. Es en esta calidad que el estudio antropológico de la bioética resulta posible y, según yo, pertinente. En este artículo, doy cuenta de mi tesis recientemente concluida, que aborda la bioética moldava a través del dilema moral del aborto. Relato algunas informaciones sobre la práctica del aborto, decortico la cultura soviética del aborto y revelo el impacto del pensamiento religioso sobre ese dilema después de la independencia de la republica moldava. Relato también los juicios y justificaciones que se dirigen o se hacen los unos a los otros : se aborda la maternidad, la sexualidad, la libertad de elegir y de cumsecade. Mi contextualización me permite concluir que la bioética moldava está descontextualizada y que para corregirse, le seria muy provechoso integrar los saberes antropológicos

Developing new models of childhood malignancies using human induced pluripotent stem cells

Early onset diseases such as childhood malignancies and neurodevelopmental disorders have been intricate to study. For many years, research has relied and dependent upon different animal systems. Despite the usefulness of these systems, which have allowed the understanding of the biology behind these processes, the differences between species are still an undoubted fact. The emergence of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology has indeed opened new venues for many fields including disease modeling, personalized cell therapy, and drug screening. iPS cells have the potential to virtually differentiate into any cell type, hence becoming an unlimited source of disease-relevant cell types. Here, we present examples demonstrating the potential of disease modeling using patient-derived iPS cells. Neuroblastoma (NB) and Medulloblastoma (MB) are both cancers linked to dysregulations in pathways important during human development. Whereas NB develops during the peripheral nervous system (PNS) development, MB initiates during central nervous system (CNS) development. We have taken advantage of the early developmental signature of iPS cells to model cancer. We used non-cancerous cells from patients carrying germline mutations in cancer predisposing genes, ALK and PTCH1, and developed in vivo models that offer a unique understanding of cancer initiation and progression. NB patients carrying an ALK germline mutation were used to generate iPS cells (Paper I) and subsequent differentiation to Neural Crest Cells (NCC) was performed (Paper II, III). For this, a NCC generation protocol was optimized using intermediate levels of BMP (Paper II). Next, labelled NCC from patients and controls were orthotopically transplantated into the adrenal gland of immunodeficient mice (Paper III). Mice were followed in vivo using IVIS system, and we detected increased luciferase signal after more than 8 weeks but no signal was observed in mice injected with control NCC. After a year, adrenal glands from mice were harvested and one case of ganglioneuroblastoma was diagnosed, suggesting a low penetrance and mild phenotype of ALK contribution in NB initiation. Using a similar workflow, we generated Neuroepithelial stem (NES) cells from iPS cells derived from Gorlin syndrome patients. Gorlin patients carry germline mutations in PTCH1. Mutations in PTCH1 constitutively activate the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signalling pathway. In vivo transplantation of patient cells into the cerebellum of immunocompromised mice showed faithful resemblance of human SHH MB. By establishing NES cell cultures derived from MB tumors in the mice cerebellum, we could show the potential use of this model for identifying new targets for cancer treatment (Paper IV).b Moreover, we exploited 2D and 3D human in vitro systems derived from iPS cells to study the role of p53 during early brain development. We show that p53 has an important function in maintaining the appropriate structure of human brain organoids. Moreover, we demonstrate that p53 maintains genomic instability and primes neural differentiation in human NES cells. Thus, revealing the role of p53 in a human in vitro context of brain development (Paper V). In summary our work presents the big potential of iPS cell technology in the field of modeling disease

Developing Norms for a Behavioral Profile of FASD for a Mexican-American Population

Culturally relevant research has not kept pace with the most rapidly growing ethnic population in the United States. The Pacific Northwest consists of 1 million Mexican and Mexican Americans (López, 2015). Statistically, Latinos are considered one of the populations that is most often overrepresented within the lower socioeconomic status level. In addition, factors such as lack of resources, language barriers, and educational constraints play key obstacles to accessing medical treatment and mental health services in general and especially for specific groups such as those with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS; Lopez, 2015). Research has indicated high financial, emotional, and psychological expenses for society in order to care for people diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD; Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, 2017). It is vital to provide this population with a tool that will be sensitive to the culture and help provide appropriate diagnoses and treatment for the family and community with individuals living with FASD. This study found 3 factors from the Culturally Correct FAS BeST (CCFAS BeST) that indicate behavioral differences in children born to younger mothers but no differences in behavior of children born to mothers who began drinking alcohol at a younger age. While the study was not able to establish validity or reliability for the CCFAS BeST due to the small homogenous sample, much was learned for continuing with the research

Actividad de estudio e investigación para la enseñanza de nociones de geometría

Presentamos resultados parciales del diseño e implementación de una actividad de estudio e investigación, para la enseñanza de ángulos inscritos en una circunferencia en la escuela secundaria argentina. Con fundamento en la teoría antropológica de lo didáctico se diseñó un modelo epistemológico de referencia, en el que se describieron nociones que le dan sentido al estudio de ángulos inscritos en una circunferencia. Dicho modelo constituyó la base para el diseño de la actividad de estudio e investigación. La implementación se realizó en un curso de tercer año de la escuela secundaria. Se involucró a los estudiantes en un nuevo tipo de trabajo, que implicó modificaciones a nivel de mesogénesis, topogénesis y cronogénesis. En particular, los estudiantes resolvieron situaciones que les permitió explorar, conjeturar y validar

Virtual Synchronous Machine Control with Adaptive Inertia Applicable to an MMC Terminal

Renewable energy sources (RES) penetration levels are increasing in the power grid. However, it does not have inertia as a traditional synchronous generator, causing a reduction in the inertia and damping in the power grid, impacting the stability during power changes in the grid, causing large frequency deviations. The virtual synchronous machine (VSM) concept has become an attractive solution to emulate the synchronous machine characteristics and supply the inertia and damping property in the system. It consists of emulating the synchronous machine’s static and dynamic properties by power electronic converters and energy storage systems. Nevertheless, the implementation and design of the VSM is a challenge since it must be flexible in the presence of load fluctuations, preventing the oscillations and frequency overshoot from increasing during system disturbances. Hence, the VSM with adaptive inertia has become a potential solution because it provides the inertia and damping factor to the grid according to the load variations and different RES penetration levels in the system. Therefore, the inertia estimation is necessary to use the special techniques that guarantee the balance between the power and frequency response..

Strain-gradient mediated local conduction in strained bismuth ferrite films

It has been recently shown that the strain gradient is able to separate the light-excited electron-hole pairs in semiconductors, but how it affects the photoelectric properties of the photo-active materials remains an open question. Here, we demonstrate the critical role of the strain gradient in mediating local photoelectric properties in the strained BiFeO3 thin films by systematically characterizing the local conduction with nanometre lateral resolution in both dark and illuminated conditions. Due to the giant strain gradient manifested at the morphotropic phase boundaries, the associated flexo-photovoltaic effect induces on one side an enhanced photoconduction in the R-phase, and on the other side a negative photoconductivity in the morphotropic [Formula: see text]-phase. This work offers insight and implication of the strain gradient on the electronic properties in both optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices

CONSIDERATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF JUDICIAL EXPERTISE PRIOR TO 1st OF DECEMBER 1918

We will approach the history of expertise, in the context of the event of 1st December 1918, by setting forth a few considerations, with particular reference to data which appear to have this specific significance

Time-varying effects when analysing customer lifetime duration, application to the insurance market

The Cox model (Cox, 1972) is widely used in customer lifetime duration research, but it assumes that the regression coefficients are time invariant. In order to analyse the temporal covariate effects on the duration times, we propose to use an extended version of the Cox model where the parameters are allowed to vary over time. We apply this methodology to real insurance policy cancellation data and we conclude that the kind of contracts held by the customer and the concurrence of an external insurer in the cancellation influence the risk of the customer leaving the company, but the effect differs as time goes by.Cox model, customer lifetime.

Do we need broad immunological work-up in all patients with CIS?

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of altered immunological tests and their clinical significance in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). ----- PATIENTS AND METHODS: The information was gathered from medical records of patients hospitalized in the Referral Center for Demyelinating Diseases in the 2008-2010 period. All patients had ANA, ENA profile, ANCA, aCl IgG and IgM, C3, C4, CH50, anti-TPO, AST and RF antibodies tested. ----- RESULTS: From 726 patients with CIS that were reviewed, the complete battery of immunological tests was performed in 418 of them (57.6%), representing our cohort. Altered tests were found in 235 patients (56.2%); 73 (17.4%) had positive antinuclear antibodies, 14 (3.3%) had positive ENA, 47 (11.2%) had positive aCl IgG, 83 (19.8%) had positive aCl IgM, and 13 (3.1%) had anti TPO antibodies. We found no correlation between ANA, aCl IgG or IgM positivity (ANA vs aCL IgG p=0.554; ANA vs aCL IgM p=0.19; aCL IgG vs aCL IgM, p=0.155). None of the patients had any clinical manifestations other than MS symptoms. ----- CONCLUSION: These results indicate that significant number of patients with CIS have altered immunological tests but nevertheless none of them had clinical expression of any other autoimmune disease making them clinically insignificant. In conclusion there is no need to perform extensive immunological work-up in all patients with CIS. Contrary, our results argue for more focused testing rather than a battery of screening tests